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The Rockefeller University is an American private university located in New York City in the United States, offering postgraduate and postdoctoral education. It conducts research mainly in biological sciences and medical science, and has produced or attracted many Nobel laureates. It has the highest number of Nobel Prizes in relation to personnel involved in research in the world. The Rockefeller University is located on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, between 63rd and 68th Streets along York Avenue. Marc Tessier-Lavigne—previously executive vice president of research and chief scientific officer at Genentech—became the university's tenth president on March 16, 2011. The Rockefeller University Press publishes the ''Journal of Experimental Medicine'', the ''Journal of Cell Biology'', and ''The Journal of General Physiology''. ==History== The Rockefeller University was founded in June 1901 as The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research—often called simply The Rockefeller Institute—by John D. Rockefeller, who had founded the University of Chicago in 1889, upon advice by his adviser Frederick T. Gates〔Chernow R. ''Titan: The Life of John D Rockefeller Sr'' (New York: Vintage Books, 2004), pp 471–2.〕 and action taken in March 1901 by his son, John D. Rockefeller Jr.〔Swingle AM. ("The Rockefeller chronicle" ). ''Hopkins Medical News''. Fall 2002.〕 Greatly elevating the prestige of American science and medicine, it was America's first biomedical institute, like France's Pasteur Institute (1888) and Germany's Robert Koch Institute (1891).〔 The Rockefeller Foundation, a philanthropic organization, founded in 1913, is a separate entity, but had close connections mediated by prominent figures holding dual positions.〔Hannaway C. ''Biomedicine in the Twentieth Century: Practices, Policies, and Politics'' (Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2008), (p 230 ), note 46.〕 The first director of laboratories was Simon Flexner, who supervised the development of research capacity at the Institute, whose staff made major discoveries in basic research and medicine. While a student at Johns Hopkins University, Flexner had studied under the Institute's first scientific director, William H. Welch, first dean of Hopkins' medical school and known as the dean of American medicine.〔 Flexner retired in 1935 and was succeeded by Herbert Gasser.〔("Herbert S Gasser—biography" ). ''Nobelprize.org''. September 6, 2011 (Web-access date).〕 He was succeeded in 1953 by Detlev Bronk, who broadened The Rockefeller Institute into a university that began awarding the PhD degree in 1954.〔 In 1965 The Rockefeller Institute's name was changed to The Rockefeller University.〔 For its first six decades, the Institute focused on basic research to develop basic science, on applied research as biomedical engineering, and, since 1910—when The Rockefeller Hospital opened on its campus as America's first facility for clinical research—on clinical science.〔("The Rockefeller University Hospital" ). ''Rockefeller.edu''. February 18, 2011 (Web-access date).〕 The Rockefeller Hospital's first director Rufus Cole retired in 1937 and was succeeded by Thomas Milton Rivers.〔("At Rockefeller Hospital" ). ''Time''. May 24, 1937.〕 As director of The Rockefeller Institute's virology laboratory, he established virology as an independent field apart from bacteriology. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rockefeller University」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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